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In order to have a safe trip, the boater must be aware of the various types of hazards that he or she may encounter while on a stream. The following hazards are not particular to any stream, but are those which are most commonly found.
STRAINERS: River obstructions that allow water to flow through them, but which block or "strain" people and boats, are known as "strainers". They are frequently found in the form of overhanging branches and limbs, log jams and flooded islands. All strainers should be avoided, especially in swift water.
FLOODS AND SWIFT WATER: Paddlers should never boat on streams with water spilling out of the banks. High water causes hazards such as lowhead dams to become even more dangerous. Unseen obstacles such as floating logs or submerged trees may also threaten a boater. Flood levels are monitored throughout the state and river warnings may be issued by the Division of Watercraft. River warnings and flood information are made available to boaters through public TV and radio, or by contacting any Watercraft office.
HYPOTHERMIA: is the lowering of the body's core temperature. It is commonly caused by cold water, but may also be hastened by chilling winds and perspiration. When air and water temperatures combined do not exceed 120 degrees Fahrenheit, hypothermia becomes a hazard. Boaters should be prepared for cold air and water by dressing properly, i.e., wetsuits and woolen clothing. Every boater should be aware of the symptoms of hypothermia and be knowledgeable of its treatment.
FOOT ENTRAPMENTS: If your boat capsizes, do not attempt to stand or walk if you are in swift-moving water. A boater may slip and pin a foot between submerged rocks. Once pinned, the force of the current can push the boater's body under the water and hold it there. Always keep your feet up, pointed downstream, and swim to calm water before standing.
- Extra paddle in case of emergency. It should be secured for easy removal.
- Line on the bow and stern of the boat. It should be carried so that it will not tangle around you if you capsize.
- Sixty feet of throw line for emergency use (should be carried in at least one boat for every three boats on the water). Know how to use it effectively.
- First-aid kit including matches, maps of the area and money for an emergency phone call.
- Waterproof packs for personal items.
- Extra flotation for the boat. This makes self-rescue easier in the case of a mishap.
- Tie downs for all equipment in your boat.
- Bailers.
- Personal Flotation Devices and all additional required equipment including boat registration paper.
- Food and drinking water.
- Rain gear and a change of clothing.
- Cell phone for emergencies (carried in waterproof container).
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